What Is Mold?
Mold is a microorganism that is a subset of the fungi family. It is neither a plant nor an animal. Mold can be found in soil, air and water. Molds vary in size, shape, color, and length of cycle, moisture and food source requirements and level of toxicity. There are over 100,000 known species of mold! New mold can be formed if the spores are deposited in a location with sufficient moisture and an adequate food source.
Mold releases enzymes that break down organic material. Many species of mold reproduce using spores, which are “seeds” for the formation of new mold colonies. Air movement, water and even insects can transport spores.
Generally, mold needs three things to grow: food, water and the right temperature. Mold thrives in the same temperature range that humans generally prefer (48°F to 70°F), and mold feasts on components of wallboard, carpets and other common household furnishings and construction materials. Thus, the only way to control mold is to eliminate its water source.
How To Test For Mold Inside A Building?
Industrial Hygienists or similar professionals can perform visual inspection of the building to identify visible mold growth and the location of the water source that is supporting the mold growth, and the pathways of the water within the structure. This includes investigation of all rooms, basements, crawl spaces and attics. If water staining of biological growth is readily apparent, samples of affected building materials are useful in determining whether there are species of mold present that would indicate a potential health concern.
Indoors and outdoors airborne viable mold samples are useful to test for the presence of problem molds if no growth is discovered during the visual inspection. These samples are able to detect mold spores that can produce mold colonies when exposed to adequate moisture and a desirable food source.
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